This guy comes up to Jesus and asks him, "Good Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?" Jesus' initial response is sort of a shock: "Why do you call Me good? No one is good except God alone." He does not say this as though to contrast Himself with God, but rather to make a point about man vs God, generally. Nobody is good. Only God is good. This is a huge hint to help us understand where Jesus is going with the next part of his answer: "You know the commandments, ‘DO NOT MURDER, DO NOT COMMIT ADULTERY, DO NOT STEAL, DO NOT BEAR FALSE WITNESS, Do not defraud, HONOR YOUR FATHER AND MOTHER.’"
Now let's be honest. This isn't anything like the answer you were expecting, is it? This guy just wants to know how to be saved. In our thinking Jesus is supposed to share the Gospel now. This man is open to instruction now in a way he might never be again. His question was like a giant lob in slow-pitch softball, just waiting for Jesus to connect with "the Gospel bat." All Jesus needed to do to make us happy was tell him to "believe" or maybe "repent and believe." Instead, Jesus whips out a can of law, and starts laying it on thick. Murder. Adultery. Theft. Lying.
If somebody did that today, we'd tell them it was a terrible waste of an excellent opportunity to share the Gospel. But we don't really feel free to do that with Jesus. So what do we make of this, and how do we apply it as we seek to learn from Jesus and become more like Him? Before we can answer that, we should probably read the rest of the story.
The man responds to Jesus with, "Teacher, I have kept all these things from my youth up." Then it says, "Looking at him, Jesus felt a love for him..." (Here we all breathe a sigh of relief. Aha! Here comes the good news, right?) "...and said to him, 'One thing you lack: go and sell all you possess and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow Me.'"
Did you catch that? Jesus felt love for him. So He... gave him more law. Ugh. Jesus just doesn't seem to have the same "gospel centered” message we have, does He? But wait. It gets worse. The story continues: "at these words he was saddened, and he went away grieving, for he was one who owned much property."
Here was a man who wanted to know how to be saved. He asked Jesus how to be saved. Jesus' answer was, "keep the law." When the guy says he's been keeping it, Jesus shows him where he hasn’t been, and how to change it. Jesus discourages the man so much with all the talk of the law that the man walks away sad.
There are a few choices for how to understand this: